La representation des besoins et l'obstacle de la double loyaute dans la recherche feministe: essai d'epistemologie autour de l'informatrice autochtone de Gayatri Spivak
Résumé
En s'inspirant du texte, c Can the Subaltern Speak? D de Gayatli Chakravorty Spivak, cet article propose une analyse critique de la dynumique relationnelle entre chercheures universituires et praticiennes fiministes qui interwiennent dans les groupes de base : groupes de femmes et groupes communautaires. Deux questions guident l'anulyse : 1 ) Que devient 1' K autre dans sa parole et ses actions lors des e'changes entre ces types d'intellectuelles ; 2) Quels sont les besoins de'fendus lorsque certuines repisentations &coulant de ces &changes szirgissent du c6t& de l'espace public/politique. Gayatri Spivak, the'oricienne de la post-colonialite', a interroge' les ambigu~te's et les de'tournements de sens ol~he'psa r les intellectuel-les lorsqu'elles/ils disent faire valoir la voix des subalternes. Cette question est fondamentale pour une ipist6mologie de la recherche fe'ministe. Notre contribution sera de mettre en relief le r6le de la native informant D , personnuge he'tkroghe que Spivak met en sdne duns son essai et d'essayer de diager les conditions d'autonomie de parole et d'action des femmes en condition de subalternite'. Abstract Inspired by Gayatri Chalcravorty Sgivak's "Can the Subaltern Speak?", this article presents a critical analysis of the dynamics of relationships between female academic researchers and feminist practitioners who are stakeholders in grass roots groul>.s, i.e. women's groups and community groups. The analysis is based on two questions: 1 ) What t r a n s f m t i o n does 'the other' undergo in her words and her actions during interactions among these types of intellectual women; 2) What types of needs are defended when some representations resulting from these interactions appear suddenly in the publiclpolitical sphere. Gayatri Spivak, a post-colonial theoretician, questioned the ambiguities and the changes of meaning hought about by intellectual men and women when they claim to be putting forth the voice of a subordinate. This is a fundamental issue for an epistemology of feminist research. This contribution etnphasires the role of the "native infmant", a heterogeneous character that Spivak features in her essay in an attempt to find the conditions for an independent voice and action for women of subordinate status.
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