Returning to Ontario Works
Résumé
This paper exunines the isslrc of welfcne recidiuism m Toronto. Afeer reviewing the auailable literature - both in ter-ms of tndiuidual experiences ad. the broader bbow market context - the paper reports on the findings of a telephone suruey of social assistance Ieauers conducted inToronto in 2005. Analysis reveak irnpornnt differences in terms of age , family tJpe ad education between recidiuists cnd the general social asslstan ce case- Load. Typical "work-first" employment. interq.tentrons a'e shown to be krgely ineffecnue in preuenting retums to asslstance . Additional finarcial assistance , employment md medical bcncfits arc aII shown to haqte positivc effects. A rcmge of meanues described as "beyond work-first" (firuncial incenti,Des and supports, case m(magement, employer-based strategies, and greater access to education cmd training both before and after employment) offer some fn'omise of inueasing job retention and reducing recidiq,'ism. Howeuer, there is also a need to question the asswnPtion tfutt. retLLms to assistctnce reflect a policy failwe. While the goal must be on sustained ernployment, quicl
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